The approach of Everyday's Praxis traces its intellectual origins in the Marxist concept of praxis, while its creator is French philosopher Michel de Certeau. Inspired by student and workers' protests in 1968, Certeau began studying everyday forms of resistance. He did studies in various areas of the sociology of everyday life, and his most famous book on the subject is The Practice of Everyday Life (1984, in French 1980). Certeau studies how people, in their everyday life, change the meanings and practices of socially established rituals and symbols. In his theoretical approach, the most important difference is between the concepts of "strategy" and "tactics". Institutions and other power structures produce and implement strategies, thus acting as producers of the symbolic order, while, on the other hand, individuals act as “consumers” who use everyday tactics in specific environments and circumstances. He gives the example of a city where authorities, institutions, and companies have shaped the look and the way people should behave in it, while, in everyday life, ordinary people use tactics to avoid these rules of conduct. The practice of "wriggling" (la perruque) at work functions in a similar way. Workers at work behave as if they are working, doing nothing, or doing something that is not related to the job itself. Certeau believes that everyday life functions by occupying the territory of others, using rules and products that already exist in culture, but in an inventive and original way. Those in power use strategies to create rules, while ordinary people use tactics to use those same rules as a means of creative resistance to power structures. Certeau believes that all strategies and tactics must be understood as "spatial practices", that is, they are always localized in space. There are two main practices by which people locate themselves in everyday life: appropriating spaces and names and telling stories about those spaces. Through these two practices, individuals give direction and meaning to their behavior. Certeau also studied migrants in Paris, as well as mysticism in Christianity.

Books:

Ahearne, Jeremy. Michel de Certeau: Interpretation and Its Other (1995);

Buchanan, Ian. Michel de Certeau: Cultural Theorist (2000);

     -     De Certeau in the Plural (2002);

Certeau. Culture in the Plural (1998, in French 1974a);

     -     The Writing of History (1988, in French 1975);

     -     Practice of Everyday Life (2011, in French 1980);

     -     The Mystic Fable, Volume One: The Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries (1995, in French 1982);

     -     Capture of Speech and Other Political Writings (1997);

Dosse, François. Michel de Certeau, le marcheur blessé (2002);

     -     Michel de Certeau, chemins d’histoire (2002).